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October 23, 1999
CONCAWE Review – Autumn 1999
Volume 8 • Number 2: In May this year the CONCAWE Council elected me as the new Chairman of the organization. It is both a privilege and a challenge to take over this responsibility.
A privilege...
October 22, 1999
Health effects of ambient PM— an update
Directive 1999/30/EC was adopted in April of this year by the Council of the European Union. This is the first Daughter Directive established under the Air Quality Framework Directive. The Directive...
October 21, 1999
A test method to assess the ‘inherent’ biodegradability of oil products
Report no. 99/59: This report describes the development of a test method for assessing the potential of oil products to be biodegraded in the environment (‘inherent’ biodegradability). The method...
October 17, 1999
Еnvironmental exposure to benzene
Report no. 2/99: A review is provided of the health risks from environmental exposure to benzene.Sources and levels of benzene exposure of the general public have been identified from literature. Mode...
October 1, 1999
Ambient particulate matter: sources and apportioning
The quality of the air we breathe has become an increasingly important and emotive issue over the past few years.
To date, the regulation of air quality has focused mainly on outdoor air (even th...
October 1, 1999
Particulates and policy — the role of models
In the companion article in this Review (pp. 6–9) we examine the current state of understanding on the sources of particulate matter (emission inventories) and their contribution to ambient levelsÂ...
October 1, 1999
Mobile phones
Mobile phones have rapidly become one of the necessities of modern life, allowing people to keep in touch with each other at all times. As we all know, they can also be annoying when they ring at inap...
October 1, 1999
Exposure profiles
The risk assessment of chemical substances is based on a comparison of the potential adverse effects of a substance at given concentrations with the known or foreseeable exposure for man and the env...
October 1, 1999
Fuels and engines need to be developed together
Much discussion has taken place in Auto/Oil-I, Auto/Oil-II and many other forums on how to achieve air quality targets in a scientific and cost-effective way. The basis is sound science, starting wi...
September 21, 1999
Potential of exhaust after treatment and engine technologies to meet future emissions limits
Report no. 99/62: In view of the European Auto Oil Process (AO2) a CONCAWE study reviewed literature (up to 9/1998) and in-house information on improved exhaust after treatment and engine technologies...
July 21, 1999
European downstream oil industry safety performance statistical summary of reported incidents – 1998
Report no. 1/99: This report is the fifth by CONCAWE reviewing the safety performance of the downstream oil industry in Europe. The area of coverage is primarily the EU, EEA and Hungary, but for some...
June 13, 1999
Environmental levels of benzene at the boundaries of three European refineries
Report no. 99/57: A year-long study of benzene-in-air concentrations at the boundaries of three refineries has been carried out.The sampling technique employed was passive diffusion tubes. Sampling lo...
May 21, 1999
Fuel quality, vehicle technology and their interactions
Report no. 99/55: CONCAWE has studied the many aspects important when considering fuel quality. The report reviews the complex interactions between fuels, vehicle technology, test cycles and reference...
May 17, 1999
Оverview and critique of the air pollution and health: a European approach (APHEA) project
Report no. 99/54: The relationship between air pollution and adverse health outcomes is a subject of current concern in the area of environmental health. The Air Pollution and Health: a European Appro...
May 13, 1999
Best available techniques to reduce emissions from refineries
Report no. 99/01: BAT Reference documents (BREFs) are to be prepared by the European IPPC Bureau established at JRC/IPTS in Seville, and the Refinery BREF is scheduled for 1999. It is understood that...
April 23, 1999
CONCAWE Review – Spring 1999
Volume 8 • Number 1: Dear Reader,
The past year has seen a dramatic fall in the price of crude oil, resulting in a number of high profile mergers, and further cost-cutting and staff reduction pr...
April 21, 1999
EU oil refining industry costs of changing gasoline and diesel fuel characteristics
Report no. 99/56: This report presents the results of a study to assess the EU-15 refining industry implications of changing gasoline and diesel fuel characteristics, for the year 2005 onwards. The st...
April 21, 1999
Exposure profile: kerosines/jet fuels
Report no. 99/52: This report details the available exposure data for kerosines and jet fuels. It provides information on estimated release rates; measured human exposure data for occupationally expos...
April 21, 1999
EU oil refining industry costs of changing gasoline and diesel fuel characteristics
Report no. 99/56: This report presents the results of a study to assess the EU-15 refining industry implications of changing gasoline and diesel fuel characteristics, for 2005 onwards. The study’s s...
April 17, 1999
Scientific basis for an air quality standard for nickel
Report no. 99/53: The health effects due to nickel exposure are reviewed in this document for the purposes of understanding the scientific basis for an Air Quality Standard (AQS). The report provides...
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