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October 1, 1998
Reclassification of petroleum substances
EINECS, the European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances, contains entries for 661 petroleum substances, all of which have to be classified and labelled under the Dangerous Substances Directiv...
October 1, 1998
The ‘Precautionary Principle’
The Precautionary Principle has become very much a part of the vocabulary of the general environmental scene today. It has found its way into various international declarations and conventions, is bei...
October 1, 1998
Cost-effectiveness of marine vapour emissions control
The European Directive (94/63/EC) on the ‘control of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions resulting from the storage of petrol and its distribution from terminals to service stations’, the so...
October 1, 1998
Acidification strategy sensitivity analysis
In mid 1997, the European Commission published its strategy to combat adverse environmental effects resulting from the deposition of acidifying pollutants. The ultimate target was to achieve zero exce...
October 1, 1998
Automotive polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified certain PAH as carcinogenic to animals and probably carcinogenic to humans. Evidence for the carcinogenicity of some PAH is equivocal;for...
June 21, 1998
Pilot study to investigate airborne benzene levels in service station kiosks
Report no. 98/53: This report describes the results of a small pilot study which was carried out in two service stations in the UK. The purpose of the study was to compare the concentrations of benzen...
May 21, 1998
Мethods of prevention, detection and control of spillages in European oil pipelines
Report no. 1/98: This report gives information on the measures which are used to ensure safe operation of industry pipelines in Western Europe related to the causes of spillages.
The result of the...
April 15, 1998
European Downstream Oil Industry Safety Performance
Report no. 4/98: Statistical Summary of Reported Incidents - 1997 and overview 1993 to 1997....
April 1, 1998
Automotive particulate matter
Particulate matter (PM) in the air continues to be the focus of increased attention due to the concern of potential health effects. Accordingly, under the EU Air Quality Framework Directive an air q...
February 21, 1998
A study of the number, size & mass of exhaust particles emitted from European diesel and gasoline vehicles under steady-state and European driving cycle conditions
Report no. 98/51: This study investigates the measurement of the mass and the number of light duty automotive (diesel and gasoline) exhaust particles and their related size distributions. Different an...
November 22, 1997
A joint petroleum / petrochemical barge inspection questionnaire
Report no. 97/55: This report provides an agreed checklist to be used when carrying out pre-chartering checks of barges intended for the transport of petroleum products and similar petrochemicals with...
June 13, 1997
European Downstream Oil Industry Safety Performance
Report no. 4/97: Statistical summary of reported incidents - 1996. This report is the third by CONCAWE reviewing the safety performance of the downstream oil industry in Western Europe. It includes th...
April 22, 1997
Task Risk Assessment
Report no. 3/97: Task Risk Assessment (TRA) is presented, what it is and how it is used in the petroleum industry. Typical techniques are covered with respect to the area of business (upstream/refinin...
April 21, 1997
Proposed EU year 2000 gasoline volatility specifications
Report no. 97/53: A CONCAWE study identified the proposed flat maximum RVP limit across Europe to be of greatest concern within the gasoline volatility specification in the year 2000EU Draft Fuels Dir...
April 21, 1997
The health hazards and exposures associated with gasoline containing MTBE
Report no. 97/54: This report compares the toxicological properties of gasoline with and without MTBE. It also reviews the available occupational and consumer exposure data for MTBE....
April 1, 1997
Less oil in refinery effluents
CONCAWE first started collecting data on refinery effluents as long ago as 1969. In those days, environmental awareness was in its infancy and this was reflected in the quantity of oil discharged in...
March 21, 1997
Motor vehicle emission regulations and fuel specifications. Part 2: Detailed information and historic review (1970-1996)
Report no. 6/97: This report details the development of world-wide legislation and regulations governing motor vehicle emissions, fuel specifications and fuel consumption from circa 1970 to 1996. It d...
January 21, 1997
Exposure profile: gasoline
Report no. 97/52: This report details the available exposure data for gasoline and gasoline products. It provides information on estimated release rates; measured human exposure data for occupationall...
January 21, 1997
Scientific basis for an air quality standard for carbon monoxide
Report no. 97/51: Carbon Monoxide (CO) is emitted into the atmosphere mainly as a product of the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous material. The major sources of CO exposure for the general, non-s...
November 21, 1996
Diesel fuel/engine interaction and effects on exhaust emissions. Part 1: diesel fuel density. Part 2: heavy duty diesel engine technology
Report no. 96/60: CONCAWE has investigated two major aspects of fuel/engine interaction and the resulting effects on exhaust emissions:
• The impact of fuel density on the particulate emissions o...
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