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![Towards the establishment of a protocol for the quantification of VOC diffuse emissions using open-path remote monitoring techniques: DIAL monitoring of a VOC source of known emission flux](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/rpt_12-14-2014-03534-01-e-1-3.jpg)
December 8, 2014
Towards the establishment of a protocol for the quantification of VOC diffuse emissions using open-path remote monitoring techniques: DIAL monitoring of a VOC source of known emission flux
Report no. 12/14: This report provides the results of a programme of work undertaken to compare the controlled rate of release of propane from a simulated floating roof tank with the flux determined u...
![The estimated forward cost of EU legislation for the EU refining industry](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/rpt_14-11-2014-03705-01-e-1-724x1024.jpg)
November 8, 2014
The estimated forward cost of EU legislation for the EU refining industry
Report no. 11/14: This Concawe report provides an estimation of the cost burden imposed on EU refineries over the period from 2010 to 2020 by a number of EU legislative and implementing acts.
It is...
![CONCAWE Review – Year of air 2014 (special issue)](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/swgaeh.jpg)
October 23, 2014
CONCAWE Review – Year of air 2014 (special issue)
The Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution (2005) has been under review since 2011 with the first of five stakeholder meetings taking place in January 2012. The underpinning work is very complex and rel...
![JEC Biofuels Study: 2014 Update](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/jrc.png)
September 25, 2014
JEC Biofuels Study: 2014 Update
This report is the result of the JEC Biofuels Programme, a joint study carried out by JRC (the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission), EUCAR (the European Council for Automotive R&D) an...
![CONCAWE Review – Spring 2014](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/231.png)
September 25, 2014
CONCAWE Review – Spring 2014
As the world’s population moves towards 9 billion, societal expectation is that we find solutions to the fundamental problems of meeting increasing energy requirements whilst reducing the impact on...
![Review of recent health effect studies with nitrogen dioxide](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/ejdtki-724x1024.jpg)
September 25, 2014
Review of recent health effect studies with nitrogen dioxide
Report no. 9/14: This report focuses on published studies that have examined the epidemiologic associations of ambient air exposures to nitrogen dioxide and the occurrence of acute and chronic health...
![CBA under the microscope](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/Appendix-2-CBA-Under-the-Microscope.jpg)
August 29, 2014
CBA under the microscope
Concawe Comments on the Key Submissions Associated with 5th Stakeholder Expert Group of the Air Quality Policy Review held in Brussels, 3rd April 2013
![Concentration Response Functions for Morbidity Endpoints under the Project HRAPIE](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/CONCAWE-comments-to-the-HRAPIE-project.jpg)
August 28, 2014
Concentration Response Functions for Morbidity Endpoints under the Project HRAPIE
A review of the concentration response functions for morbidity endpoints under the HRAPIE project was conducted.
![European downstream oil industry safety performance Statistical summary of reported incidents – 2013](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/untitled-1-4.jpg)
August 22, 2014
European downstream oil industry safety performance Statistical summary of reported incidents – 2013
Report no. 8/14: In this twentieth annual report on European downstream oil industry safety performance, 2013 statistics are presented on work-related personal injuries for the industry’s own employ...
![Impact of FAME on the performance of three Euro 4 light-duty diesel vehicles – Part 2: Unregulated emissions](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/untitled-1-6.jpg)
May 21, 2014
Impact of FAME on the performance of three Euro 4 light-duty diesel vehicles – Part 2: Unregulated emissions
Report no. 7/14: In 2009, EU legislation mandated that 10% renewable energy must be used in road transportation by 2020, primarily through the use of bio-blending components. Fordiesel fuel blending,...
![Impact of FAME on the performance of three Euro 4 light-duty diesel vehicles – Part 1: Fuel consumption and regulated emissions](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/untitled-1-5.jpg)
May 19, 2014
Impact of FAME on the performance of three Euro 4 light-duty diesel vehicles – Part 1: Fuel consumption and regulated emissions
Report no. 6/14: By 2020, EU legislation will require that 10% of the total transport fuel energy demand is met by the use of renewable energy, primarily by blending bio-components. Although many type...
![Science and Policy interface: role of integrated assessment modelling (IAM) and cost-benefit analysis (CBA)](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/3-Science-and-Policy-interface.jpg)
May 16, 2014
Science and Policy interface: role of integrated assessment modelling (IAM) and cost-benefit analysis (CBA)
Integrated Assessment Modelling (IAM) has been at the heart of European air quality policy development for more than two decades3. Such tools provide a useful framework for policy makers to connect th...
![Ecosystem services under the microscope](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/6-Ecosystem-services-under-the-microscope.jpg)
May 16, 2014
Ecosystem services under the microscope
Ecosystem approaches can be defined as ’approaches to environmental management and policy making that aim to compare costs and benefits of management and policy options on the basis of an analysis o...
![CBA under the microscope](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/5-CBA-under-the-microscope.jpg)
May 16, 2014
CBA under the microscope
CONCAWE’s assessment of latest scientific information on valuation of benefits from aspects influencing mortality and morbidity factors reveals that proposed benefit numbers applied in recent Cost B...
![Uncertainties under the microscope](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/Uncertainties-under-the-microscope.jpg)
May 16, 2014
Uncertainties under the microscope
This section is a summary of a paper prepared by CONCAWE as a contribution to the 4th meeting of the Stakeholder Expert Group on the EU Air Policy review. The study is based on the results of extensiv...
![The future of water quality management for the refining industry](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/management-for-the-refining-industry.jpg)
May 15, 2014
The future of water quality management for the refining industry
IntroductionIt is often assumed that the environment is deteriorating due to continuous emissions from industry and that new adverse effects can be attributed to chemical mixtures and unknown subst...
![Petrochemical feedstocks: the cornerstone of competitiveness](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/Petrochemical-feedstocks.jpg)
May 15, 2014
Petrochemical feedstocks: the cornerstone of competitiveness
Future outlookThe future of much of Europe’s chemical industry depends heavily upon the availability of affordable petrochemical feedstocks. In the Middle East, where petrochemical feedstocks areÂ...
![Forward-looking perspective on oil and gas production in Europe](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/Forward-looking-perspective-on-oil.jpg)
May 15, 2014
Forward-looking perspective on oil and gas production in Europe
In 2010 world energy demand was equivalent to about 260 million barrels of oil equivalent per day (boepd), and oil and gas represented 54% of this global demand. According to the International Ener...
![Evaluating energy pathways: from well to wheels](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/Evaluating-energy-pathways.jpg)
May 15, 2014
Evaluating energy pathways: from well to wheels
Over the past decade, the JEC Research Consortium1 has been working together to better understand the complex issues associated with future vehicles and fuels. While some of this work has involvedÂ...
![Developments in EU refining: looking ahead to 2020 and beyond](https://www.concawe.eu/wp-content/uploads/ahead-to-2020-and-beyond.jpg)
May 15, 2014
Developments in EU refining: looking ahead to 2020 and beyond
Developments in EU refining: looking ahead to 2020 and beyond Oil refineries are constantly adapting to changes in product quality legislation and market demand. This requires the industry to be a...
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