Automotive polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)

Automotive polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)

The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified certain PAH as carcinogenic to animals and probably carcinogenic to humans. Evidence for the carcinogenicity of some PAH is equivocal;for others there is no evidence of carcinogenic potential, and there...
The ‘Precautionary Principle’

The ‘Precautionary Principle’

The Precautionary Principle has become very much a part of the vocabulary of the general environmental scene today. It has found its way into various international declarations and conventions, is being reflected in national legislation and is also included in Article...
Acidification strategy sensitivity analysis

Acidification strategy sensitivity analysis

In mid 1997, the European Commission published its strategy to combat adverse environmental effects resulting from the deposition of acidifying pollutants. The ultimate target was to achieve zero exceedance of critical loads for acidification (CONCAWE Review Volume 7,...
Cost-effectiveness of marine vapour emissions control

Cost-effectiveness of marine vapour emissions control

The European Directive (94/63/EC) on the ‘control of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions resulting from the storage of petrol and its distribution from terminals to service stations’, the so called Stage-1 Directive, does not currently address controls of vapour...
Reclassification of petroleum substances

Reclassification of petroleum substances

EINECS, the European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances, contains entries for 661 petroleum substances, all of which have to be classified and labelled under the Dangerous Substances Directive (DSD) for all the hazards that they present. Such classification has...