In April 2002, CONCAWE hosted its 6th Oil Pipeline Operators Experience Exchange seminar ‘COPEX 2002’ in Brussels. The event, which is held approximately every four years, attracted an enthusiastic audience of nearly 100 representatives from pipeline operating...
Volume 11 • Number 1: The CONCAWE Review has now been published for 10 years. While content is what really matters and gets all our attention, we are aware that presentation plays its role, hence the facelift and the ‘new look’ of our magazine. We hope that you will...
The Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive, adopted in September 1996, requires Member States to issue permits for major industrial installations (such as oil refineries) to promote the use of Best Available Techniques (BAT) for...
In response to concerns over the contribution of international shipping to air pollution, during the 1990s, the International Maritime Organization of the United Nations developed an annex to the MARPOL Convention covering air pollution from ships (Annex VI). This...
Biofuels can, in principle, provide a renewable source of energy and, by displacing fossil fuels, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to the atmosphere. However, the biofuels production process itself consumes energy and emits greenhouse gases. To identify what the...
