There are various circumstances, in particular in the context of life cycle analyses (LCA) where it may be desirable to establish the footprint of fossil fuels in terms of cost, energy or greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This legitimate expectation raises a specific...
Over the years the oil refining system in the EU has developed and adapted to meet the evolving demand, in both qualitative and quantitative terms, while coping with an ever-changing supply of crude oils. The combination of changes in demand and crude supply requires...
Report no. 02/09: CONCAWE has developed extensive data on particle emissions from light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles through its previous experimental programmes. In this study,four light-duty vehicles, two diesel and two gasoline direct injection (GDI), were tested...
Report no. 3/09: Legislative measures recently adopted by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) pave the way for a dramatic reduction of the sulphur content of international marine fuels. Based on a 2020 reference scenario taking into account all expected...
Report no. 8/08: This report presents an integrated assessment of the impact of product quality and demand changes on EU refineries between 2000 and 2020 in terms of investment requirements, energy consumption and CO2 emissions. It further explores the potential of...
