Concawe Reports

Experimental evaluation of the flux chamber technique to determine VOC emissions from a water surface

Report no. 3/17: Tests have been undertaken under controlled conditions in a wind tunnel to compare the emission fluxes from an open tank containing an aqueous toluene solution with those determined u...

EU renewable energy targets in 2020: 2015 legislative update

This report is the result of the JEC Biofuels Programme, a joint study carried out by JRC (the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission), EUCAR (the European Council for Automotive R&D) an...

An evaluation of an optical gas imaging system for the quantification of fugitive hydrocarbon emissions

Report no. 2/17: This report provides the results of a preliminary study undertaken to test the performance of a quantitative optical gas imaging (QOGI) system. This has been developed to measure the...

Estimating the marginal CO2 intensities of EU refinery products

Report no. 1/17: Estimating the CO2 emissions associated with production of individual oil products is challenging inasmuch as they are produced simultaneously through a combination of interrelated pr...

Impact of FAME Content on the Regeneration Frequency of Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs)

Report no. 14/16: Modern diesel passenger cars utilize Diesel Particulate Filters (DPFs) to reduce particulate matter exhaust emissions. In addition oxygenated fuels and fuel blending components such...

Phase 1: Effect of Fuel Octane on the Performance of Two Euro 4 Gasoline Passenger Cars

Report no. 13/16: This report details work that was carried out to study the response of modern gasoline passenger cars on octane. The objective of this phase 1 of the study was to investigate the eff...

European downstream oil industry safety performance – Statistical summary of reported incidents 2015

Report no. 12/16: In this twenty-second annual report on European downstream oil industry safety performance, 2015 statistics are presented on work-related personal injuries for the industry’s own e...

Urban Air Quality Study

Report no. 11/16: An exploration into the effect of emission reduction scenarios on compliance with the ambient air quality limit values for the EU-27 countries in urban environments....

Gasoline Direct Injection Particulate Study

Report no. 10/16: Two modern Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) light duty vehicles have been tested to investigate the effect of oxygenates (mainly ethanol) on particulates - both mass and number, fuel...

Emission factors for metals from combustion of refinery fuel gas and residual fuel oil

Report no. 9/16: This report provides emission factors for nine metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium and zinc) emitted to atmosphere during the combustion of ref...

Environmental fate and effects of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)

Report no. 8/16: Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF) and Fluoroprotein (FP)/ Film Forming Fluoroprotein Foam (FFFP) foam have been used since the 1960s and 1970s, respectively, for the suppression of cla...

Assessing the aquatic toxicity of petroleum products: comparison of PETROTOX calculations and SPME-GC screening

Report No. 3/16: Using detailed two-dimensional chromatography (GCxGC) analysis of a set of petroleum product samples of Gas Oils, Residual Aromatic Extracts (RAE) and Bitumen categories, PETROTOX pre...

Critical review of the relationship between IP346 and dermal carcinogenic activity

Report no. 6/16: The IP 346 method was adopted as a screening assay to predict the carcinogenicity of specific petroleum streams. Its application is based on a strong correlation with results from ove...

Analysis of N-, O-, and S- heterocyclics in petroleum products using GCxGC with specific detection

Report no. 2/16: REACH dossiers on all p etroleum productcategories were compiled and submitted by Concawe in 2010. ECHA subsequently raised co ncerns regarding the tech nical justification of the ass...

The Natural Attenuation of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters in Soil and Groundwater (report no. 5/16)

Report no. 5/16: With the increasing use of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in automotive fuels there is growing interest in the fate and effects of biodiesel, and biodiesel/ petroleum distillate blen...

Review of recent health effect studies with sulphur dioxide

Report no. 4/16: This report focuses on published toxicology and epidemiology studies that have examined the relationship between sulphur dioxide exposures and the occurrence of acute and chronic heal...

Sulphur dioxide emissions from oil refineries in Europe (2010)

Report no. 1/16: This report describes the results of the 2010 year survey into the sulphur pathways in European refining. This includes the distribution of sulphur in products, the capture and recove...

Monitoring method for inhalation exposure to gas oil vapour and aerosol

Report no. 8/15: A study was conducted to characterize sampling and analysis methods for the measurement of the personal workplace exposure concentration of gas oil vapours and aerosols and in particu...

Evaluation of Whole Effluent Bioassays for Assessment of Hydrocarbon Ecotoxicity – Phase III Stream Study

Report no. 7/15: Toxicity predictions based on laboratory- based Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) tests have been assessed by dosing outdoor stream mesocosms with unmodified and fortified refinery efflue...

Techniques for detecting and quantifying fugitive emissions – results of comparative field studies

Report no. 6/15: Sniffing and Optical Gas Imaging (OGI) methods for the detection of refinery fugitive VOC emissions were compared under field conditions. Both of these methods are described as Best A...

Statistical summary of reported incidents – 2014

Report no. 5/15: In this twenty-first annual report on European downstream oil industry safety performance, 2014 statistics are presented on work-related personal injuries for the industry’s own emp...

Performance of European cross-country oil pipelines (1971-1983)

Detailed description of reported spillages 1971-1983. Twenty-one spillages were reported during 1972 and these are itemised in detail in Appendix I, and further tabulated in categories and volumetric...

Air pollutant emission estimation methods for E-PRTR reporting by refineries

Report no. 3/15: This report is an update of the Concawe publication “Air Pollutant Emission Estimation Methods for EPER and PRTR Reporting by Refineries”. It provides algorithms to permit emi...

Air emissions from the refining sector. Analysis of E-PRTR data 2007-2011

Report no. 2/15: This report provides a review of the air pollutant emissions data submitted by national authorities for oil refineries in the E-PRTR from 2007 to 2011. Detailed analyses are given...