Concawe Reports
Reports
Impact of a 10 ppm sulphur specification for transport fuels on the EU refining industry
Report no. 00/54: Production of road fuels to a 10 ppm sulphur specification is feasible but costly both in terms of refinery investments and CO2 emissions. Other fuel properties would not be signific...
Reports
Management of occupational health risks during refinery turnarounds
Report no. 00/52: This report addresses the occupational health issues which are an intrinsic part of refinery turnaround activities. It recognises the underlying importance of an effective management...
Reports
The occurrence of selected hydrocarbons in food on sale at petrol station shops and comparison with food from other shops – a literature survey
Report no. 00/51: This study presents the results of a review of reports on the occurrence of some hydrocarbons in food in relation to the sales location, with a particular emphasis on petrol station...
Reports
The European Union legislative process
Report no. 99/61: This report updates Report 95/64 and describes the legislative process in the European Union, as amended by the Amsterdam Treaty of 1997. The legislative process in the EU is illustr...
Reports
Тhe health effects of PM2.5 (including ultrafine particles)
Report no. 99/60: A review has been prepared of the health effects of exposure to PM2.5 particles (aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm), including so-called ultrafine particles (aerodynamic diameter <...
Reports
A test method to assess the ‘inherent’ biodegradability of oil products
Report no. 99/59: This report describes the development of a test method for assessing the potential of oil products to be biodegraded in the environment (‘inherent’ biodegradability). The method...
Reports
Еnvironmental exposure to benzene
Report no. 2/99: A review is provided of the health risks from environmental exposure to benzene.Sources and levels of benzene exposure of the general public have been identified from literature. Mode...
Reports
Potential of exhaust after treatment and engine technologies to meet future emissions limits
Report no. 99/62: In view of the European Auto Oil Process (AO2) a CONCAWE study reviewed literature (up to 9/1998) and in-house information on improved exhaust after treatment and engine technologies...
Reports
European downstream oil industry safety performance statistical summary of reported incidents – 1998
Report no. 1/99: This report is the fifth by CONCAWE reviewing the safety performance of the downstream oil industry in Europe. The area of coverage is primarily the EU, EEA and Hungary, but for some...
Reports
Environmental levels of benzene at the boundaries of three European refineries
Report no. 99/57: A year-long study of benzene-in-air concentrations at the boundaries of three refineries has been carried out.The sampling technique employed was passive diffusion tubes. Sampling lo...
Reports
Fuel quality, vehicle technology and their interactions
Report no. 99/55: CONCAWE has studied the many aspects important when considering fuel quality. The report reviews the complex interactions between fuels, vehicle technology, test cycles and reference...
Reports
Оverview and critique of the air pollution and health: a European approach (APHEA) project
Report no. 99/54: The relationship between air pollution and adverse health outcomes is a subject of current concern in the area of environmental health. The Air Pollution and Health: a European Appro...
Reports
Best available techniques to reduce emissions from refineries
Report no. 99/01: BAT Reference documents (BREFs) are to be prepared by the European IPPC Bureau established at JRC/IPTS in Seville, and the Refinery BREF is scheduled for 1999. It is understood that...
Reports
EU oil refining industry costs of changing gasoline and diesel fuel characteristics
Report no. 99/56: This report presents the results of a study to assess the EU-15 refining industry implications of changing gasoline and diesel fuel characteristics, for 2005 onwards. The study’s s...
Reports
EU oil refining industry costs of changing gasoline and diesel fuel characteristics
Report no. 99/56: This report presents the results of a study to assess the EU-15 refining industry implications of changing gasoline and diesel fuel characteristics, for the year 2005 onwards. The st...
Reports
Exposure profile: kerosines/jet fuels
Report no. 99/52: This report details the available exposure data for kerosines and jet fuels. It provides information on estimated release rates; measured human exposure data for occupationally expos...
Reports
Scientific basis for an air quality standard for nickel
Report no. 99/53: The health effects due to nickel exposure are reviewed in this document for the purposes of understanding the scientific basis for an Air Quality Standard (AQS). The report provides...
Reports
Proposal for revision of volatility classes in EN 228 specification in light of EU fuels directive
Report no. 99/51: CONCAWE has reviewed the current gasoline volatility specifications within EN228 relating to hot weather drive ability, i.e. RVP, E70 and Vapour Lock Index (VLI), in anticipation of...
Reports
The Seveso 2 directive and the oil industry
Report no. 7/98: This report has been prepared in order to give guidance to the management of sites in the oil industry on the interpretation of the Seveso 2 (or COMAH) Directive. Emphasis has been pu...
Reports
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in automotive exhaust emissions and fuels
Report no. 98/55: A comprehensive literature review of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in automotive exhaust emissions and fuels has been conducted. Sources and mechanisms of their formation in...
Reports
A survey of European gasoline qualities – summer 1996
Report no. 5/98: CONCAWE has conducted a new survey of gasoline qualities in sixteen European countries. Over 1100 samples were collected in the summer period 1996 and analysed. This report summarises...
Reports
Opportunities and costs to upgrade the quality of automotive diesel fuel
Report no. 88/52: The results of last year's study of opportunities and costs to upgrade quality of automotive diesel fuel in the EEC were included in CONCAWE Report No. 10187 "Diesel fuel quality and...
Reports
Pilot study to investigate airborne benzene levels in service station kiosks
Report no. 98/53: This report describes the results of a small pilot study which was carried out in two service stations in the UK. The purpose of the study was to compare the concentrations of benzen...
Reports
Ðœethods of prevention, detection and control of spillages in European oil pipelines
Report no. 1/98: This report gives information on the measures which are used to ensure safe operation of industry pipelines in Western Europe related to the causes of spillages.
The result of the...