The JEC Well-to-Wheels Study

The JEC Well-to-Wheels Study

In 2000, when the ‘JEC’ Consortium was formed (see the box on page 7), the first area identified for joint research was the ‘cradle-to-grave’ comparison of conventional and alternative road fuels and powertrains in Europe. In those early days, ‘Well-to-Wheels’...
The JEC Biofuels Study

The JEC Biofuels Study

For many years, it has been recognised that energy demand and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transportation sector are expected to rise over the coming decades, with increasing demand for passenger and freight transport offsetting efficiency gains. In fact,...
Benchmarking of refinery CO2 emissions

Benchmarking of refinery CO2 emissions

The EU Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) foresees a number of mechanisms for distributing emission allowances amongst market players. In the first and second emission trading periods under the original ETS Directive, the majority of allowances were...