Report no.3/26: This report describes an assessment of the evolving role of mixing zones in European water protection management, including the potential impacts on regulated industry such as fuel manufacturing operations. Mixing zones are designated areas within...
Alternative approaches to traditional animal testing are being promoted to support regulatory chemical risk assessments for environment and human health. The Organisation for Economic Development (OECD) has validated some in vitro test methods, but these methods are...
Mixing zones allow limited exceedances of Environmental Quality Standards within defined areas of receiving waters, yet their implementation across Europe remains uneven and increasingly scrutinised. This study evaluates how environmental change, regulatory evolution,...
The environmental persistence of a substance plays a key role in determining its exposure to humans and other organisms, making this an important component in the risk assessment and management of chemicals. Regulatory persistence assessments generally involve a...
VITO/EnergyVille was commissioned by Concawe to conduct a comprehensive study on the effects of potential ‘Net-Zero’ pathways in Belgium on air pollutant emissions covered under National Emission reduction Commitments (NEC) Directive (i.e., NOx, SOx, fine particulate...
