Report no. 3/25: Decarbonizing transport is crucial for Europe’s GHG reduction goals, with biofuels expected to play a key role, particularly in aviation and maritime sectors, where electrification is challenging. Among the Annex IX biofeedstocks in the Renewable...
Concawe engaged S&P Global Commodity Insights (SPGCI) to analyse the potential impact of the EU’s target to achieve net-zero emission by 2050 on the region’s refining industry and security of supply under two scenarios. The focus of this study, which was...
Report no. 2/25: Particulate matter is defined as either filterable (FPM) or condensable (CPM) and by size: FPM2.5 refers to filterable particles with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm and FPM10 those ≤10 μm. Total filterable PM is referred to as total suspended...
Report no. 1/25: This report provides the results from two measurement campaigns carried out on a gas-fired heater at a refinery in north-west Europe. The main purposes of the campaigns were i) to measure the emissions of primary particulate matter (PM) and also the...
Report no. 15/24: This report updates Concawe’s classification and labelling recommendations of report No. 9/23 to address the latest updates to Concawe dossiers and changes to CLP regulation. Furthermore, this report introduces to new hazard introduced by Delegated...
