


Future diesel-like renewable fuels – A literature review
Report no. 18/22: IFP Energies Nouvelles was commissioned by Concawe to identify novel sustainable liquid fuels pathways by 2030 for heavy duty trucks applications. The study consists of an extensive literature review to address three main topics: (1) the overall fuel...
E-Fuels: A techno-economic assessment of European domestic production and imports towards 2050 (Concawe Report 17/22)
Report no. 17/22: Concawe and Aramco have jointly commissioned this study, aiming to conduct a techno-environmental (Part 1) and economic (Part 2) analysis of different e-fuels pathways produced in different regions of the world (North, Centre and South of Europe, as...
Assessment of Chemical Oxygen Demand/Total Organic Carbon (COD/TOC) ratios in refinery effluents
Report no. 16/22: Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) analysis is one of the most commonly used analytical methods to indirectly measure organic pollutants in effluent waters. The standard COD methods use potassium dichromate which is restricted under the REACH regulation....