Bioaccumulation assessment is a key component of chemical regulations, with fish-based bioconcentration factors (BCFs) serving as the standard metric. Because conventional fish BCF tests (OECD TG 305) require many vertebrates, alternative tests such as the amphipod...
Alternative approaches to traditional animal testing are being promoted to support regulatory chemical risk assessments for environment and human health. The Organisation for Economic Development (OECD) has validated some in vitro test methods, but these methods are...
Mixing zones allow limited exceedances of Environmental Quality Standards within defined areas of receiving waters, yet their implementation across Europe remains uneven and increasingly scrutinised. This study evaluates how environmental change, regulatory evolution,...
The environmental persistence of a substance plays a key role in determining its exposure to humans and other organisms, making this an important component in the risk assessment and management of chemicals. Regulatory persistence assessments generally involve a...
This study presents the results of a survey of EU refineries waste types production, their sources and management options, with focus on oily sludges and a sustainability assessment of selected traditional versus emerging treatment options for oily sludges wastes. It...
