Cost-effectiveness of controls on sulphur emissions from ships

Recent discussions within the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and European Parliament continue to focus attention on the emission of sulphur oxides (SOx) from ships and the cost-effectiveness of reducing sulphur contents in bunker fuels. Some years ago, CONCAWE published a series of reports relating to this issue but there continues to be some confusion concerning the validity of the CONCAWE information in the light of recent publications by different authors. This article confirms the validity of the CONCAWE studies and provides an overview of the main findings in relation to these other studies.